List of Plymouth Argyle F.C. seasons

Plymouth Argyle Football Club is an English association football club based in Plymouth, Devon. They compete in Football League One, the third tier of the English football league system, as of the 2017–18 season. The club was founded in 1886 as Argyle Football Club. At this time, there was no League football,[1] so matches were arranged on an ad hoc basis, supplemented by cup competitions. In January 1903, the club became a limited company and changed their name to Plymouth Argyle F.C.[2] Election to the Southern League followed in March, as the club gained direct entry to the First Division for the 1903–04 season. The club were also invited to compete in the Western League, a competition which was considered secondary to the Southern League.[3]

The Plymouth Argyle squad for the 1903–04 season in the Southern Football League, their first as a professional club

Argyle finished as runners-up in 1908 and 1912,[4] before winning the League championship for the first time in 1913.[5] The club harboured ambitions on entering the Second Division of the Football League before competitive football was put on-hold in May 1915 due to the First World War.[6] The Southern League resumed in August 1919, but it was to be Argyle's last season as a member before the League's top division was absorbed by the Football League to create the Third Division ahead of the 1920–21 season.[7] A year later, more clubs were added to the division and it was split in two, Third Division North and Third Division South. Argyle were placed in the latter.[8]

The club finished as runners-up for six consecutive seasons between 1922 and 1927,[9] before finally winning the League championship in the 1929–30 season, and promotion to the Second Division for the first time.[10] Argyle remained there for almost twenty years before returning to the Third Division South in 1950. The club won the League championship again in the 1951–52 season, and Argyle's best season to date followed a year later. They finished fourth in the Second Division and reached the fifth round of the FA Cup. The club were relegated again in 1956 before winning another League title in the 1958–59 season, in the re-unified Third Division. Argyle's stay in the second tier of English football this time lasted almost a decade until they were relegated again in 1968. The club were promoted from the Third Division once more in 1975 as runners-up, the first time they had done so without ending the season as champions.[11] Argyle reached the semi-finals of the FA Cup for the first time in April 1984,[12] and were promoted from the Third Division as runners-up again in the 1985–86 season.[13]

Argyle were relegated to the fourth tier of English football for the first time in their history at the end of the 1994–95 season, but earned promotion again the following year, this time at Wembley Stadium in the 1996 Third Division play-off final.[14] The club won their first League championship in forty-three years at the end of the 2001–02 season,[15] breaking numerous records in the process, including a Third Division record points tally of 102.[16] Argyle conceded just 28 League goals that season and kept 27 clean sheets in 46 matches.[17] Two years later, the club won the Second Division of the Football League and promotion back to the second tier,[18] which was renamed the Championship by the League's board in the summer of 2004.[19] Argyle's success in the 2003–04 season took their tally of titles in the third tier of English football to four, which is a divisional record.[20] As of the end of the 2012–13 season, Plymouth Argyle Football Club has spent 40 seasons in the second tier of English football, 39 seasons in the third, and seven seasons in the fourth. The table details their achievements in all senior first team competitions, their top goalscorer(s), and average home league attendance for each completed season since their professional debut on 1 September 1903.[21]

Table key
Winners* Runners-up¤ Play-offs† Promoted ↑ Relegated ↓ Top scorer in Argyle's division‡

Seasons
As of 14 January 2018
Season Division P W D L F A Pts Pos FA Cup League
Cup[B]		 Competition Result Name Goals Average
attendance[E]		 Notes
League[A] Other[C] Top scorers[D]
1903–04
34
16
13
8
10
4
11
4
44
22
34
18
36
20
9th
3rd
 R1 — — — Jack Peddie 21 7,517 [F]
1904–05
34
20
18
13
5
4
11
3
57
52
39
18
41
30
4th
1st*
 R1 — — — Jack Picken 29 7,964 —
1905–06
34
20
16
8
7
8
11
4
52
34
33
23
39
24
6th
3rd
 R2 — — — Harry Wilcox 25 6,147 —
1906–07
38
10
10
5
13
3
15
2
43
16
50
10
33
13
15th
2nd¤
 R1 — — — Herbert Swann 15 5,578 [G]
1907–08
38
12
19
5
11
2
8
5
50
14
31
14
49
12
2nd¤
4th
 R2 — — — Harry Ingham 14 8,537 —
1908–09
40
12
15
6
10
1
15
5
46
12
47
13
40
13
10th
3rd
 R3 — — — Tommy Hakin 17 5,900 —
1909–10 SL Div 1 42 16 11 15 61 54 43 11th R1 — — — Jimmy Hindmarsh 15 4,778 —
1910–11 SL Div 1 38 15 9 14 54 55 39 8th R1 — — — Harry Raymond 12 6,140 —
1911–12 SL Div 1 38 23 6 9 63 31 52 2nd¤ R1 — — — John Boden 20 7,441 —
1912–13 SL Div 1 38 22 6 10 77 36 50 1st* R2 — — — Fred Burch 28 8,173 —
1913–14 SL Div 1 38 15 13 10 46 42 43 5th R2 — — — Fred Burch 14 9,253 —
1914–15 SL Div 1 38 8 14 16 51 61 30 17th R1 — — — Fred Burch 15 4,250 —
1915–19 The Southern League and FA Cup were suspended until after the First World War. [H]
1919–20 SL Div 1 42 20 10 12 56 29 50 5th R3 — — — David Jack
Billy Kellock		 12 11,195 [I]
1920–21 Div 3 42 11 21 10 35 34 43 11th R3 — — — Harry Raymond 7 13,714 [J]
1921–22 Div 3S 42 25 11 6 63 24 61 2nd¤ R1 — — — Frank Richardson 31‡ 14,809 [K][L][M]
1922–23 Div 3S 42 23 7 12 61 29 53 2nd¤ R3 — — — Jack Fowler 17 11,024 —
1923–24 Div 3S 42 23 9 10 70 34 55 2nd¤ R1 — — — Percy Cherrett 27 11,200 —
1924–25 Div 3S 42 23 10 9 77 38 56 2nd¤ R1 — — — Jack Leslie 14 12,610 —
1925–26 Div 3S 42 24 8 10 107 67 56 2nd¤ R3 — — — Jack Cock 32‡ 13,815 [N]
1926–27 Div 3S 42 25 10 7 95 61 60 2nd¤ R3 — — — Jack Cock 33 11,263 [O]
1927–28 Div 3S 42 23 7 12 85 54 53 3rd R1 — — — Sammy Black 16 10,223 —
1928–29 Div 3S 42 20 12 10 83 51 52 4th R4 — — — Ray Bowden
Jack Leslie		 22 10,808 —
1929–30 Div 3S ↑ 42 30 8 4 98 38 68 1st* R3 — — — Sammy Black 24 15,232 [P]
1930–31 Div 2 42 14 8 20 76 84 36 18th R3 — — — Sammy Black 20 19,261 —
1931–32 Div 2 42 20 9 13 100 66 49 4th R4 — — — Jack Leslie 21 19,520 —
1932–33 Div 2 42 16 9 17 63 67 41 14th R3 — — — Sammy Black 13 17,465 —
1933–34 Div 2 42 15 13 14 69 70 43 10th R3 — — — Jimmy Cookson 28 15,454 —
1934–35 Div 2 42 19 8 15 75 64 46 8th R4 — — — Jack Vidler 21 13,787 —
1935–36 Div 2 42 20 8 14 71 57 48 7th R4 — — — Sammy Black 16 16,107 —
1936–37 Div 2 42 18 13 11 71 53 49 5th R4 — — — Jack Connor 17 21,476 —
1937–38 Div 2 42 14 12 16 57 65 40 13th R3 — — — Bill Hullett 10 18,550 [Q]
1938–39 Div 2 42 15 8 19 49 55 38 15th R3 — — — Bill Hullett 10 16,847 —
1939–40 Div 2 3 2 0 1 4 3 4 5th NA — — — — — — [R]
1940–45 The Football League and FA Cup were suspended until after the Second World War. [S]
1945–46 FLS 42 3 8 31 39 120 14 22nd R3 — — — — — — [T][U]
1946–47 Div 2 42 14 5 23 79 96 33 19th R3 — — — Dave Thomas 19 23,290 [V]
1947–48 Div 2 42 9 20 13 40 58 38 17th R3 — — — Ernie Edds 14 23,239 —
1948–49 Div 2 42 12 12 18 49 64 36 20th R3 — — — Maurice Tadman 15 22,648 —
1949–50 Div 2 ↓ 42 8 16 18 44 65 32 21st R3 — — — Bill Strauss 10 22,054 —
1950–51 Div 3S 46 24 9 13 85 55 57 4th R3 — — — Maurice Tadman 26 16,347 —
1951–52 Div 3S ↑ 46 29 8 9 107 53 66 1st* R1 — — — Maurice Tadman 27 19,126 —
1952–53 Div 2 42 20 9 13 65 60 49 4th R5 — — — Maurice Tadman 15 22,813 —
1953–54 Div 2 42 9 16 17 65 82 34 19th R4 — — — Maurice Tadman 12 19,501 —
1954–55 Div 2 42 12 7 23 57 82 31 20th R3 — — — Peter Anderson
Eric Davis
Johnny Porteous		 8 19,259 —
1955–56 Div 2 ↓ 42 10 8 24 54 87 28 21st R3 — — — Neil Langman 9 17,122 —
1956–57 Div 3S 46 16 11 19 68 73 43 18th R2 — — — Neil Langman 18 12,127 —
1957–58 Div 3S 46 25 8 13 67 48 58 3rd R3 — — — Wilf Carter 32 19,506 —
1958–59 Div 3 ↑ 46 23 16 7 89 59 62 1st* R3 — — — Wilf Carter 25 22,881 [W]
1959–60 Div 2 42 13 9 20 61 89 35 19th R3 — — — Wilf Carter 22 20,354 —
1960–61 Div 2 42 17 8 17 81 82 42 11th R3 R4 — — Wilf Carter 28 17,646 [X]
1961–62 Div 2 42 19 8 15 75 75 46 5th R4 R1 — — Wilf Carter 20 14,008 —
1962–63 Div 2 42 15 12 15 76 73 42 12th R3 R2 — — Wilf Carter 14 15,727 —
1963–64 Div 2 42 8 16 18 45 67 32 20th R3 R2 — — Frank Lord 8 12,902 [Y]
1964–65 Div 2 42 16 8 18 63 79 40 15th R4 SF — — Frank Lord
Mike Trebilcock		 17 14,652 [Z]
1965–66 Div 2 42 12 13 17 54 63 37 18th R4 R2 — — Mike Bickle 12 13,076 —
1966–67 Div 2 42 14 9 19 59 58 37 16th R3 R2 — — Mike Bickle 13 14,235 —
1967–68 Div 2 ↓ 42 9 9 24 38 72 27 22nd R3 R2 — — Mike Bickle 10 10,667 —
1968–69 Div 3 46 17 15 14 53 49 49 5th R1 R1 — — Mike Bickle 12 10,590 —
1969–70 Div 3 46 16 11 19 56 64 43 17th R2 R1 — — Mike Bickle 18 9,113 —
1970–71 Div 3 46 12 19 15 63 63 43 15th R1 R1 — — Don Hutchins 11 8,704 —
1971–72 Div 3 46 20 10 16 74 64 50 8th R1 R2 — — Derek Rickard 14 10,828 —
1972–73 Div 3 46 20 10 16 74 66 50 8th R4 R1 — — Alan Welsh 13 9,048 —
1973–74 Div 3 46 17 10 19 59 54 44 17th R3 SF — — Steve Davey 19 7,769 —
1974–75 Div 3 ↑ 46 24 11 11 79 58 59 2nd¤ R4 R1 — — Billy Rafferty 26 14,056 [AA]
1975–76 Div 2 42 13 12 17 48 54 38 16th R3 R2 — — Paul Mariner 16 14,800 —
1976–77 Div 2 ↓ 42 8 16 18 46 65 32 21st R3 R1 — — Brian Hall 10 13,328 [AB]
1977–78 Div 3 46 11 17 18 61 68 39 19th R3 R1 Anglo-Scottish Cup GR Terry Austin 13 6,752 —
1978–79 Div 3 46 15 14 17 67 68 44 15th R1 R2 — — Fred Binney 28 7,524 —
1979–80 Div 3 46 16 12 18 59 55 44 15th R1 R3 Anglo-Scottish Cup GR David Kemp 15 5,775 —
1980–81 Div 3 46 19 14 13 56 44 52 7th R3 R1 — — David Kemp 28 6,761 —
1981–82 Div 3 46 18 11 17 64 56 65 10th R1 R2 Football League Group Cup GR John Sims 19 4,792 [AC]
1982–83 Div 3 46 19 8 19 61 66 65 8th R3 R1 — — John Sims 14 4,537 —
1983–84 Div 3 46 13 12 21 56 62 51 19th SF R2 Associate Members Cup SF Tommy Tynan 20 5,335 [AD]
1984–85 Div 3 46 15 14 17 62 65 59 15th R2 R2 Associate Members Cup R1 Tommy Tynan 32‡ 5,131 [AE]
1985–86 Div 3 ↑ 46 26 9 11 88 53 87 2nd¤ R3 R1 Associate Members Cup GR Kevin Hodges 16 8,085 —
1986–87 Div 2 42 16 13 13 62 57 61 7th R4 R1 Full Members Cup R1 Tommy Tynan 20 12,391 —
1987–88 Div 2 44 16 8 20 65 67 56 16th R5 R2 Full Members Cup R1 Tommy Tynan 19 10,266 —
1988–89 Div 2 46 14 12 20 55 66 54 18th R4 R2 Full Members Cup R1 Tommy Tynan 26 8,627 —
1989–90 Div 2 46 14 13 19 58 63 55 16th R3 R2 Full Members Cup R2 Tommy Tynan 18 8,722 —
1990–91 Div 2 46 12 17 17 54 68 53 18th R3 R3 Full Members Cup R1 Robbie Turner 14 6,850 —
1991–92 Div 2 ↓ 46 13 9 24 42 64 48 22nd R3 R1 Full Members Cup QF Dwight Marshall 15 6,738 —
1992–93 Div 2 46 16 12 18 59 64 60 14th R3 R3 Football League Trophy GR Steve Castle
Paul Dalton
Kevin Nugent		 13 6,377 [AF]
1993–94 Div 2 46 25 10 11 88 56 85 3rd† R4 R1 Football League Trophy GR Steve Castle 22 9,357 [AG]
1994–95 Div 2 ↓ 46 12 10 24 45 83 46 21st R3 R1 Football League Trophy GR Richard Landon
Kevin Nugent		 7 5,832 [AH]
1995–96 Div 3 ↑ 46 22 12 12 68 49 78 4th† R3 R1 Football League Trophy GR Adrian Littlejohn 18 7,440 [AI]
1996–97 Div 2 46 12 18 16 47 58 54 19th R3 R1 Football League Trophy QF Mickey Evans 15 6,494 —
1997–98 Div 2 ↓ 46 12 13 21 55 70 49 22nd R1 R1 Football League Trophy R1 Carlo Corazzin 17 5,322 —
1998–99 Div 3 46 17 10 19 58 54 61 13th R3 R1 Football League Trophy R1 Dwight Marshall 12 5,322 —
1999–00 Div 3 46 16 18 12 55 51 66 12th R4 R1 Football League Trophy R2 Paul McGregor 16 5,371 —
2000–01 Div 3 46 15 13 18 54 61 58 12th R1 R1 Football League Trophy R2 Ian Stonebridge 12 4,944 —
2001–02 Div 3 ↑ 46 31 9 6 71 28 102 1st* R2 R1 Football League Trophy R1 Graham Coughlan
David Friio		 11 8,788 [AJ]
2002–03 Div 2 46 17 14 15 63 52 65 8th R3 R1 Football League Trophy R2 Marino Keith 12 8,980 —
2003–04 Div 2 ↑ 46 26 12 8 85 41 90 1st* R1 R1 Football League Trophy R2 David Friio 15 12,654 —
2004–05 Champ 46 14 11 21 52 64 53 17th R3 R1 — — Paul Wotton 13 16,419 [AK]
2005–06 Champ 46 13 17 16 39 46 56 14th R3 R2 — — Paul Wotton 9 13,776 —
2006–07 Champ 46 17 16 13 63 62 67 11th QF R1 — — Barry Hayles 14 13,011 —
2007–08 Champ 46 17 13 16 60 50 64 10th R4 R3 — — Sylvan Ebanks-Blake 13‡ 13,000 [AL]
2008–09 Champ 46 13 12 21 44 57 51 21st R3 R1 — — Paul Gallagher 13 11,533 —
2009–10 Champ ↓ 46 11 8 27 43 68 41 23rd R3 R1 — — Jamie Mackie 8 10,316 —
2010–11 Lge 1 ↓ 46 15 7 24 51 74 42 23rd R1 R1 Football League Trophy QF Bradley Wright-Phillips 13 8,613 [AM]
2011–12 Lge 2 46 10 16 20 47 64 46 21st R1 R1 Football League Trophy R1 Simon Walton 9 6,915 —
2012–13 Lge 2 46 13 13 20 46 55 52 21st R1 R2 Football League Trophy QF Jason Banton 6 7,095 —
2013–14 Lge 2 46 16 12 18 51 58 60 10th R3 R1 Football League Trophy R2 Reuben Reid 21 7,304 —
2014–15 Lge 2 46 20 11 15 55 37 71 7th† R2 R1 Football League Trophy S/F Reuben Reid 20 7,693 —
2015–16 Lge 2 46 24 9 13 72 46 81 5th† R1 R1 Football League Trophy Q/F Jake Jervis 14 8,841 —
2016–17 Lge 2 ↑ 46 26 9 11 71 46 87 2nd¤ R3 R1 Football League Trophy GR Graham Carey 15 10,649 —
2017–18 Lge 1 46 19 11 16 58 59 68 7th R2 R1 Football League Trophy GR Graham Carey 16 10,413 —
2018–19 Lge 1 ↓ 4613112256805021st R2 R2 Football League Trophy GR Freddie Ladapo 18 —

Footnotes

References
General
  • "Plymouth Argyle". Statto. Archived from the original on 20 April 2010. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
  • "Plymouth Argyle". Football Club History Database (FCHD). Richard Rundle. Archived from the original on 14 June 2008. Retrieved 26 April 2010.
  • "The Introduction Page of the RSSSF". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation (RSSSF). Archived from the original on 22 December 2012. Retrieved 26 April 2010.
  • Knight, Brian (1989). Plymouth Argyle: A Complete Record 1903–1989. Derby: Breedon Books. ISBN 0-907969-40-2.
  • Cowdery, Rick; Curno, Mike (2009). Plymouth Argyle Miscellany. Plymouth: Pitch Publishing. ISBN 978-1-905411-30-6.
  • Danes, Ryan (2009). Plymouth Argyle: The Complete Record. Plymouth: Breedon Books. ISBN 1-85983-710-7.
Specific
  1. "History of the Football League" Archived 9 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 1 May 2011. Retrieved 19 May 2017.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link). The Football League. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
  2. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 14–15.
  3. Danes, Complete Record, p. 14.
  4. "Southern League final tables". RSSSF. 25 May 2010.
  5. "Plymouth Argyle". FCHD. Richard Rundle. Archived from the original on 14 June 2008. Covers seasons up to and including 2007–08. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
  6. Danes, Complete Record, p. 19.
  7. "1920–21 Third Division" Archived 14 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine. Statto. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
  8. "1921–22 Third Division South" Archived 31 December 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Statto. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
  9. Cowdery & Curno, Miscellany, p. 57.
  10. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 20–24.
  11. "1974–75 Football League". RSSSF. Retrieved 23 May 2010.
  12. "The FA Cup Archive". The Football Association. Retrieved 23 May 2010.
  13. "1985–86 Football League". RSSSF. Retrieved 23 May 2010.
  14. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 48–49.
  15. "2001–02 Football League". RSSSF. Retrieved 23 May 2010.
  16. "Football League Points Records" Archived 10 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine . The Football League. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
  17. Danes, Complete Record, p. 50.
  18. "2003–04" Archived 4 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine. Statto. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
  19. "League gets revamp". BBC Sport. 10 June 2004. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
  20. "Past Winners" Archived 17 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine . The Football League. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
  21. Danes, Complete Record, p. 15.
  22. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 144–355
  23. "Plymouth Argyle" Archived 17 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Statto. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
  24. "Wartime Champions 1915–19". RSSSF. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
  25. "Wartime Champions 1940–46". RSSSF. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
  26. "1960–61 English League Cup" Archived 12 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Statto. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
  27. "Squad stats". Soccerbase. Retrieved 27 April 2010.
  28. "Club stats" Archived 6 July 2010 at the Wayback Machine . The Football League. Retrieved 27 April 2010.
  29. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 144–145.
  30. Danes, Complete Record, p. 366.
  31. "History of the world transfer record". BBC Sport. 11 June 2009. Retrieved 27 April 2010.
  32. "1921–22 Third Division South" Archived 12 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Statto. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
  33. "1921–22 Third Division North" Archived 12 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Statto. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
  34. Danes, Complete Record, p. 20.
  35. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 172–173.
  36. "1921–39 Third Division Leading Goalscorers". RSSSF. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
  37. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 180–181.
  38. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 180–183.
  39. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 188–189.
  40. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 204–205.
  41. "1939–40 Football League". RSSSF. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
  42. "1939–40 War Leagues". RSSSF. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
  43. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 26–27.
  44. "1945–46 FA Cup". RSSSF. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
  45. Cowdery & Curno, Miscellany, p. 164.
  46. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 208–209.
  47. Cowdery & Curno, Miscellany, p. 92.
  48. "1958–59 Third Division" Archived 23 February 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Statto. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
  49. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 236–237.
  50. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 242–243.
  51. "1963–64 Second Division" Archived 12 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Statto. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
  52. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 244–245.
  53. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 262–263.
  54. "1974–75 Third Division" Archived 21 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine. Statto. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
  55. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 288–291.
  56. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 292–293.
  57. "1947–92 Third & Fourth Division Leading Goalscorers". RSSSF. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
  58. "A History of the Premier League" Archived 18 November 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Premier League. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
  59. "1993–94 Second Division" Archived 23 December 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Statto. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
  60. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 320–321.
  61. "Plymouth land knockout blow". The Independent. 16 May 1996. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
  62. "Pilgrims progress". The Independent. 26 May 1996. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
  63. "2001–02 Third Division" Archived 3 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine. Statto. Retrieved 25 May 2010.
  64. "Plymouth 2–0 Cheltenham". BBC Sport. 20 April 2002. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
  65. "Divisional Scorers" Archived 31 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine . The Football League. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
  66. Danes, Complete Record, pp. 352–353.
  67. "Sylvan Ebanks-Blake" Archived 19 April 2010 at the Wayback Machine . Wolverhampton Wanderers. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
  68. "Plymouth Argyle are deducted 10 points". BBC Sport. 21 February 2011. Retrieved 7 May 2011.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.