Hangul consonant and vowel tables

The following tables of consonants and vowels of the Korean alphabet (jamo) display the basic forms in blue in the first row, and their derivatives in the following rows. They are separated into tables of initials, vowels and finals.

Jamo are shown below romanized according to the Revised Romanization of Hangeul (RR Transliteration), which is a system of transliteration rules between the Korean and Roman alphabets originating from South Korea. However, the tables below are not sufficient for normal transcription of the Korean language per the related Revised Romanization of Korean system, which takes contextual sound changes into account.

Leading consonants (choseong)
Basic jamo Hangul ㄱㄴㄷㄹㅁㅂㅅㅇㅈㅊㅋㅌㅍㅎ
Romanized g/kndr/lmbs-/ngjchktph
Composite jamo Hangul ㄲㄸㅃㅆㅉ
Romanized gg / kkttbb / ppssjj

Medial vowels (jungseong)
Basic +i
Basic Hangul ㅏㅓㅗㅜㅡㅣ ㅐㅔㅚㅟㅢ
Romanized aeooueui aeeoewiui
y+ Hangul ㅑㅕㅛㅠ ㅒㅖ
Romanized yayeoyoyu yaeye
w+ Hangul ㅘㅝㅚㅟ ㅙㅞ
Romanized wawooewi waewe

Trailing consonants (jongseong)
Basic jamo Hangul ㄱㄴㄷㄹㅁㅂㅅㅇㅈㅊㅋㅌㅍㅎ
Romanized gndr/lmbsngjchktph
Composite jamo Hangul ㄲㄵㄺㅄㅆ
Romanized kknjlgbsss
Hangul ㄳㄶㄻ
Romanized gsnhlm
Hangul ㄼ
Romanized lb
Hangul ㄽ
Romanized ls
Hangul ㄾ
Romanized lt
Hangul ㄿ
Romanized lp
Hangul ㅀ
Romanized lh

Collation

Several collation sequences are used to order words. The first sequence is official in South Korea (and is the basic binary order of codepoints in Unicode); sequences of the second type are common in North Korea, differing on the treatment of composite jamo consonants in syllable-leading (choseong) and -trailing (jongseong) position, and on the treatment of composite jamo vowels in syllable-medial (jungseong) position.

South Korean collation
Principle Sort every composite jamo grouped after their leading single jamo
Initial consonants

ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㄸ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ

Vowels

ㅏ ㅐ ㅑ ㅒ ㅓ ㅔ ㅕ ㅖ ㅗ ㅘ ㅙ ㅚ ㅛ ㅜ ㅝ ㅞ ㅟ ㅠ ㅡ ㅢ ㅣ

Final consonants

ㄱ ㄲ ㄳ ㄴ ㄵ ㄶ ㄷ ㄹ ㄺ ㄻ ㄼ ㄽ ㄾ ㄿ ㅀ ㅁ ㅂ ㅄ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ

North Korean collation
Principle Initial consonants: All single jamo (except ieung ㅇ) before all doubled jamo; ieung after the doubled jamo
Vowels: All single jamo before all composite jamo; for composite jamo, all digraphs before all trigraphs; for digraphs, the ones ending in ㅣ precede others.
Final consonants: Doubled jamo after single and composite jamo
Initial consonants

ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆ ㅉ ㅇ

Vowels

ㅏ ㅑ ㅓ ㅕ ㅗ ㅛ ㅜ ㅠ ㅡ ㅣ ㅐ ㅒ ㅔ ㅖ ㅚ ㅟ ㅢ ㅘ ㅝ ㅙ ㅞ

Final consonants

ㄱ ㄳ ㄴ ㄵ ㄶ ㄷ ㄹ ㄺ ㄻ ㄼ ㄽ ㄾ ㄿ ㅀ ㅁ ㅂ ㅄ ㅅ ㅇ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㄲ ㅆ

Consonant letters' names

Variants are given in brackets.

Consonants South Korean names
HangulRomanized HangulRomanized
ㄱg 기역giyeok
ㄲkk 쌍기역ssanggiyeok
ㄴn 니은nieun
ㄷd 디귿digeut
ㄸtt 쌍디귿ssangdigeut
ㄹr, l 리을rieul
ㅁm 미음mieum
ㅂb 비읍bieup
ㅃpp 쌍비읍ssangbieup
ㅅs 시옷siot
ㅆss 쌍시옷ssangsiot
ㅇ-, -ng 이응ieung
ㅈj 지읒jieut
ㅉjj 쌍지읒ssangjieut
ㅊch 치읓chieut
ㅋk 키읔kieuk
ㅌt 티읕tieut
ㅍp 피읖pieup
ㅎh 히읗hieut

Consonant names in the 15th century seem to have ended in a vowel (without adding the last consonant repeating a shortened version of the initial), judging from 1451 Hunmin Jeongeum Eonhae's forms such as "ㄱ는", which may have been pronounced geuneun.

Hangul syllables
"Hangul syllables" redirects here. For the Unicode block, see Hangul Syllables.
See also: List of modern Hangul characters in ISO/IEC 2022–compliant national character set standards

Below are 19 tables of 28×21 syllables. All together there are 11,172 (19×21×28) possible syllables, found in the Hangul Syllables Unicode block (U+AC00–U+D7AF). These possible syllables are not all in use. Jump to tables with initial letter:

ㄱ ㄲ ㄴ ㄷ ㄸ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅇ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ

See also
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