List of anti-capitalist and communist parties with national parliamentary representation

The following is a list of communist and anti-capitalist parties with representation in national parliaments. This list does not contain communist and anti-capitalist parties previously represented in parliament. This list includes only those parties who officially call themselves communist or anti-capitalist (or socialist parties who are declared anti-capitalist) ideologically. 115 communist and anti-capitalist parties have been elected worldwide to parliament in 56 different countries in both recognized and non-recognized states. Of the 66 states listed here, 9 of them are republics ruled by a socialist, communist or anti-capitalist party, five of them are official socialist states ruled by a communist party; four of which espouse Marxism–Leninism (China, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam) while the fifth (North Korea) espouses Juche.[1]

List

Country	Continent	Party	Electoral Coalition	Election	Lower house	Upper house	Official ideology
Algeria	Africa	National Liberation Front	—	2017 election	159 / 462	40 / 144	Arab nationalism Arab socialism Anti-imperialism
Algeria	Africa	Workers' Party	—	2017 election	11 / 462	0 / 144	Trotskyism[2]
Argentina	South America	Workers' Party	Workers' Left Front	2017 election	1 / 257	0 / 72	Trotskyism
Argentina	South America	Socialist Workers' Party	Workers' Left Front	2017 election	2 / 257	0 / 72	Trotskyism
Bangladesh	Asia	Workers Party of Bangladesh	Grand Alliance	2018 election	4 / 300	—	Marxism–Leninism-Maoism
Bangladesh	Asia	National Socialist Party	Grand Alliance	2018 election	2 / 300	—	Socialism
Belarus	Europe		—	2019 election	11 / 110	17 / 64	Marxism–Leninism
Belarus	Europe	Belarusian Patriotic Party	—	2019 election	2 / 110	0 / 64	Socialism
Belgium	Europe	Workers' Party of Belgium	—	2019 election	12 / 150	5 / 60	Marxism
Bolivia	South America	Movement for Socialism	—	2020 election	75 / 130	21 / 36	Socialism of the 21st century[3][4][5]
Brazil	South America	Communist Party of Brazil	—	2018 election	9 / 513	0 / 81	Marxism–Leninism[6]
Brazil	South America	Socialism and Liberty Party	—	2018 election	10 / 513	0 / 81	Democratic socialism[6]
Burkina Faso	Africa	Union for Rebirth / Sankarist Party	—	2015 election	5 / 127	—	Sankarism
Burkina Faso	Africa	Party for Democracy and Socialism/Metba	—	2015 election	1 / 127	—	Communism
Chile	South America	Democratic Revolution	Broad Front	2017 election	10 / 155	1 / 43	Democratic socialism
		Communist Party of Chile	New Majority		8 / 155	0 / 43	Marxism–Leninism[7]
		Humanist Party	Broad Front		5 / 155	0 / 43	Democratic socialism
		Citizen Power	Broad Front		1 / 155	0 / 43	Socialism of the 21st century
		Equality Party	Broad Front		1 / 155	0 / 43	Anti-capitalism
		Progressive Party	For All Chile		1 / 155	0 / 43	Democratic socialism
		País	For All Chile		0 / 155	1 / 43	Socialism
China	Asia	Communist Party of China	United Front	2017–2018 election	2,119 / 2,980	—	Marxism–Leninism Socialism with Chinese characteristics[8] Xi Jinping Thought
Colombia	South America	Alternative Democratic Pole	—	2018 election	2 / 166	5 / 102	Democratic socialism
Democratic Republic of the Congo	Africa	Unified Lumumbist Party	—	2018 election	17 / 500	2 / 108	Lumumbism
Costa Rica	North America	Broad Front	—	2018 election	1 / 57	—	Socialism of the 21st century
Cyprus	Europe	Progressive Party of Working People	—	2016 election	16 / 56	—	Marxism–Leninism
Czech Republic	Europe	Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia	—	2017—2016 elections	15 / 200	0 / 81	Communism[9][10]
Denmark	Europe	Red–Green Alliance	—	2019 election	13 / 179	—	Eco-socialism[11]
		Socialist People's Party	—		14 / 179	—	Democratic socialism
		Inuit Ataqatigiit	—		1 / 179	—	Democratic socialism
Ecuador	South America	Citizen Revolution Movement	—	2017 election	30 / 137	—	Socialism of the 21st century
Ecuador	South America	Pachakutik	—	2017 election	4 / 137	—	Socialism
Finland	Europe	Left Alliance	—	2019 election	16 / 200	—	Democratic socialism
France	Europe	French Communist Party	—	2017 election	12 / 577	12 / 348	Eurocommunism
		La France Insoumise	—		17 / 577	1 / 348	Democratic socialism
		Left Party	La France Insoumise		8 / 577	0 / 348	Democratic socialism
		Ensemble!	—		2 / 577	0 / 348	Eco-socialism
		Communist Party of Réunion	Alliance of the Overseas		0 / 577	1 / 348	Socialism
Germany	Europe	The Left	—	2017 election	69 / 709	5 / 69	Democratic socialism
Greece	Europe	Communist Party of Greece	—	2019 election	15 / 300	—	Marxism–Leninism
Greece	Europe	Syriza	—	2019 election	86 / 300	—	Democratic socialism[12]
Guatemala	North America	Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity	—	2019 election	3 / 158	—	Revolutionary socialism[13]
		Movement for the Liberation of Peoples	—		1 / 158	—	Socialism
		Winaq	—		4 / 158	—	Democratic socialism
Guyana	South America	People's Progressive Party	—	2020 election	33 / 65	—	Democratic socialism
Honduras	North America	Liberty and Refoundation	—	2017 election	30 / 128	—	Democratic socialism
Honduras	North America	Democratic Unification Party	—	2017 election	1 / 128	—	Socialism
Iceland	Europe	Left-Green Movement	—	2017 election	11 / 63	—	Eco-socialism
India	Asia	Communist Party of India	United National Progressive Alliance	2019 election	2 / 545	2 / 245	Marxism–Leninism
		Communist Party of India (Marxist)	United National Progressive Alliance		3 / 545	5 / 245	Marxism–Leninism[14]
		Revolutionary Socialist Party	United National Progressive Alliance		1 / 545	0 / 245	Marxism–Leninism
Iraq	Middle East	Iraqi Communist Party	Alliance Towards Reforms	2018 election	2 / 328	—	Communism
Ireland	Europe	People Before Profit Alliance	Anti-Austerity Alliance–People Before Profit	2020 election	5 / 158	0 / 60	Democratic socialism
Israel	Middle East	Israeli Communist Party	Democratic Front for Peace and Equality	2020 election	3 / 120	—	Marxism–Leninism[15]
Italy	Europe	Italian Left	Free and Equal	2018 election	3 / 630	1 / 315	Democratic socialism[16]
Japan	Asia	Japanese Communist Party	—	2017—2019 elections	12 / 465	13 / 242	Scientific socialism[17]
Kazakhstan	Asia	Communist People's Party of Kazakhstan	—	2016 election	7 / 108	—	Marxism–Leninism[18]
Laos	Asia	Lao People's Revolutionary Party	Lao Front for National Construction	2016 election	144 / 149	—	Marxism–Leninism[19]
Luxembourg	Europe	The Left	—	2018 election	2 / 60	—	Democratic socialism
Mali	Africa	African Solidarity for Democracy and Independence	—	2020 election	3 / 147	—	Marxism–Leninism
Mauritius	Africa	Mauritian Militant Movement	National Alliance	2019 election	9 / 69	—	Democratic socialism
Mauritius	Africa	Muvman Liberater	Mauritian Alliance	2019 election	2 / 69	—	Democratic socialism
Mexico	North America	Labor Party	Juntos Haremos Historia	2018 election	61 / 500	7 / 128	Socialism
Montenegro	Europe	Worker's Party	Democratic Front	2016 election	1 / 81	—	Labour rights
Morocco	Africa	Party of Progress and Socialism	—	2016 election	12 / 395	—	Socialism
Mozambique	Africa	FRELIMO	—	2019 election	184 / 250	—	Democratic socialism
Myanmar	Asia	National Unity Party	—	2015 election	0 / 330	1 / 224	Socialism[20]
Namibia	Africa	Landless People's Movement	—	2019 election	4 / 104	0 / 42	Socialism
		Namibian Economic Freedom Fighters	—		2 / 104	0 / 42	Anti-capitalism
		South West Africa National Union	—		1 / 104	0 / 42	Democratic socialism
		South West Africa People's Organisation	—		63 / 104	40 / 42	Socialism
Nepal	Asia	Nepal Communist Party	—	2017 election	174 / 275	42 / 59	Marxism–Leninism People's Multiparty Democracy
Nepal	Asia	Janata Samajbadi Party, Nepal	—	2017 election	34 / 275	3 / 59	Democratic socialism
Nicaragua	North America	Sandinista National Liberation Front	—	2016 election	71 / 92	—	Sandinismo[21]
North Korea	Asia	Workers' Party of Korea	Democratic Front for the Reunification of the Fatherland	2019 election	607 / 687	—	Juche[22] Songun
North Macedonia	Europe	The Left (North Macedonia)	—	2020 election	2 / 120	—	Socialism Anti-imperialism
Norway	Europe	Socialist Left Party	—	2017 election	11 / 169	—	Democratic socialism
Norway	Europe	Red Party	—	2017 election	1 / 169	—	Communism
Pakistan	Asia	Pakhtunkhwa Milli Awami Party	—	2018 election	0 / 342	2 / 104	Democratic Socialism
Pakistan	Asia	Awami National Party	—	2018 election	1 / 342	1 / 104	Democratic Socialism
Palestine	Middle East	Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine	Palestine Liberation Organization	2006 election	3 / 132	—	Marxism–Leninism
		Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine	Palestine Liberation Organization		1 / 132	—	Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
		Palestinian People's Party	Palestine Liberation Organization		1 / 132	—	Scientific socialism
Paraguay	South America	Guasú Front	—	2018 election	0 / 80	6 / 45	Democratic socialism
Peru	South America	Broad Front	—	2016 election	20 / 130	—	Democratic socialism
Philippines	Asia	New Patriotic Alliance	National Democracy Movement	2019 election	6 / 304	0 / 24	Filipino communism[23]
Portugal	Europe	Portuguese Communist Party	Unitary Democratic Coalition	2019 election	10 / 230	—	Marxism–Leninism[24]
		Ecologist Party "The Greens"	Unitary Democratic Coalition		2 / 230	—	Eco-socialism
		Left Bloc	—		19 / 230	—	Democratic socialism
Russia	Europe	Communist Party of the Russian Federation	—	2016 election	42 / 450	2 / 170	Marxism–Leninism[25]
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic	Africa	Polisario Front	—	2012 election	53 / 53	—	Democratic socialism
San Marino	Europe	Democratic Socialist Left	Active Citizenship	2016 election	14 / 60	—	Eurocommunism[26]
Slovenia	Europe	LEVICA	—	2018 election	9 / 90	—	Eco-socialism
South Africa	Africa	Economic Freedom Fighters	—	2019 election	44 / 400	—	Marxism–Leninism[27]
South Africa	Africa	South African Communist Party[note 1]	Tripartite Alliance	2019 election	0 / 400	—	Marxism–Leninism
South Ossetia	Europe	Communist Party of South Ossetia	—	2019 election	1 / 34	—	Marxism–Leninism
Spain	Europe	Podemos	Podemos	2016 election	35 / 350	0 / 266	Democratic socialism
		Sortu	Amaiur	2011 election	5 / 350	3 / 266	Revolutionary socialism
		Communist Party of Spain	United Left		4 / 350	2 / 266	Marxism–Leninism[29]
		Republican Left of Catalonia	—		15 / 350	11 / 266	Democratic socialism
		Initiative for Catalonia Greens	United Left		2 / 350	2 / 266	Eco-socialism[30]
		Galician Nationalist Bloc	—		2 / 350	0 / 266	Anti-capitalism
		Aralar Party	Amaiur		1 / 350	0 / 266	Democratic socialism
		Chunta Aragonesista	United Left		1 / 350	0 / 266	Eco-socialism
		Communist Youth Union of Spain	United Left		1 / 350	0 / 266	Marxism–Leninism
		Open Left	United Left		1 / 350	0 / 266	Democratic socialism
		Party of the Communists of Catalonia	United Left		1 / 350	0 / 266	Marxism–Leninism
		United and Alternative Left	United Left		1 / 350	0 / 266	Communism
		EH Bildu	EH Bildu		4 / 350	1 / 266	Democratic socialism
Sri Lanka	Asia	People's Liberation Front	—	2015 election	6 / 225	—	Marxism–Leninism
		Communist Party of Sri Lanka	United People's Freedom Alliance		2 / 225	—	Marxism–Leninism
		Lanka Equal Society Party	United People's Freedom Alliance		2 / 225	—	Trotskyism
Suriname	South America	Progressive Workers' and Farmers' Union	—	2015 election	1 / 51	—	Radical left
Sweden	Europe	Left Party	—	2018 election	28 / 349	—	Socialism
Switzerland	Europe	Labour	—	2019 election	2 / 200	—	Marxism
Syria	Middle East	Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region	National Progressive Front	2016 election	172 / 250	—	Arab socialism Ba'athism
		Syrian Communist Party (Bakdash)			3 / 250	—	Marxism–Leninism[31]
		Syrian Communist Party (Unified)			1 / 250	—	Communism
Tajikistan	Asia	Communist Party of Tajikistan	—	2015 election	2 / 63	—	Marxism–Leninism[32]
Tunisia	Africa	Popular Front	—	2014 election	1 / 217	—	Socialism
Turkey	Europe	Workers' Party of Turkey	—	2018 election	2 / 600	—	Marxism-Leninism
Northern Ireland	Europe	People Before Profit Alliance	—	2017 election	1 / 90	—	Democratic socialism
Uruguay	South America	Communist Party of Uruguay	Broad Front	2014 election	42 / 99	13 / 30	Marxism–Leninism
		Movement of Popular Participation	Broad Front	2014 election	42 / 99	13 / 30	Socialism of the 21st century
		Popular Unity	—	2014 election	0 / 99	0 / 30	Marxism–Leninism
Venezuela	South America	United Socialist Party of Venezuela	Great Patriotic Pole	2015 election	52 / 167	—	Socialism of the 21st century[33]
		Communist Party of Venezuela			2 / 167	—	Marxism–Leninism
		Fatherland for All			4 / 167	—	Democratic socialism
		Radical Cause	—		4 / 167	—	Democratic socialism
		Tupamaro	Great Patriotic Pole		3 / 167	—	Marxism
		Republican Bicentennial Vanguard			2 / 167	—	Chavismo
		Venezuelan Popular Unity			1 / 167	—	Bolivarianism
Vietnam	Asia	Communist Party of Vietnam	Vietnamese Fatherland Front	2016 election	475 / 500	—	Marxism–Leninism[34]
Yemen	Middle East	Yemeni Socialist Party	—	2003 election	8 / 301	—	Democratic socialism
Zambia	Africa	Patriotic Front	—	2016 election	80 / 156	—	Democratic socialism[35][36]
Poland	Europe	Polish Socialist Party	The Left (Poland)	2019 Polish parliamentary election	—	1 / 100	Democratic socialism

Notes

Its currently unknown how many seats the South African Communist Party has in the national legislature since its MPs are elected through the African National Congress, a separate political party. In the last election "almost the entire top SACP leadership was absorbed into the government".[28]

References

Kim Jong-un, "Let Us Brilliantly Accomplish the Revolutionary Cause of Juche, Holding the Great Comrade Kim Jong Il in High Esteem as the Eternal General Secretary of Our Party", 6 April 2002.
http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/a/algeria/algeria2012.txt
Ediciones El País. "Evo Morales insta a "erradicar el capitalismo" para salvar el planeta". EL PAÍS. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
"Evo Morales: Ten commandments against capitalism, for life and humanity". Climate & Capitalism. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
"Evo Morales: "Capitalism is the worst enemy of humanity"". Climate & Capitalism. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
The first reference is for the lower house, the second for the upper house.
- "October 3, 2010 Chamber of Deputies Election Results – Totals Brazil". electionresources.com. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- "October 3, 2010 Senate Election Results – Brazil Totals". electionresources.com. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- Central Committee (8 November 2009). "Socialist Programme for Brazil: Strengthening the Nation is the Way, Socialism is the Way" (in Portuguese). Communist Party of Brazil. Archived from the original on 24 February 2010. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
- "Brazil – Communist Party of Brazil". The World Factbook. Library of Congress. April 1997. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
"South America: Chile – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
Bozóki, A & Ishiyama, J (2002) The Communist Successor Parties of Central and Eastern Europe, pp150-153
"Parties and Elections in Europe, Czechia, The database about parliamentary elections and political parties in Europe, by Wolfram Nordsieck". Parties & Elections. 14 October 2013. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). "Denmark". Parties and Elections in Europe.
Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). "Greece". Parties and Elections in Europe.
"Acuerdo No. 1319-2011 – Resultados oficiales" (in Spanish). elecciones2011.tse.org.gt. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
The first two references are about seats in parliament.
- "12 – Performance of National Parties". Election Commission of India.
- "13 – Performance of State Parties" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
"Middle East: Israel – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
"Parties and Elections in Europe - Italy". Retrieved 8 February 2017.
"East & Southeast Asia: Japan – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
"Two more Kazakh parties wins parliamentary seats". BBC Online. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
"East & Southeast Asia: Laos – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
"Burmese general election, 2010". altsean.org. Archived from the original on 1 January 2012. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
"Central America and Caribbean: Nicaragua – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
"Democratic People's Republic of Korea". Inter-Parliamentary Union. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
"Asia: Philippines – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
- 17th Congress of the Portuguese Communist Party. "Estatutos do PCP" [Statute of the PCP] (in Portuguese). Portuguese Communist Party. Retrieved 15 January 2012.
- National Board. "Estatutos" [Statute] (in Portuguese). Left Bloc. Retrieved 15 January 2012.
- "Europe: Portugal – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- 1st Congress of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (February 1993). Устав КПРФ [Charter of the CPRF] (in Russian). Communist Party of the Russian Federation. Archived from the original on 16 January 2012. Retrieved 15 January 2012.
- "Central Asia: Russia – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
"Europe: San Marino – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
"About us". Archived from the original on 2014-05-08.
Matuma Letsoalo. "Parliamentary payoff for pro-Zuma Cosatu officials". The M&G Online. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
"El PCE recupera el leninismo al cumplirse el centenario de la Revolución de Octubre". cuartopoder (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 April 2018.
"Europe: Spain – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
Yoshie Furuhashi. "S. Saleh Waziruddin, "Communist Parties Win 11 Seats in Syrian Parliamentary Elections"". Retrieved 24 February 2015.
"Central Asia: Tajikistan – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
"Communist Party of Venezuela" [PCV – Partido Comunista de Venezuela]. Communist Party of Venezuela. Retrieved 15 January 2012.
- "Tiếp tục đẩy mạnh học tập và làm theo tấm gương đạo đức Bác Hồ" [To further promote learning and following Uncle Ho's Moral Example] (in Vietnamese). Communist Party of Vietnam. Retrieved 15 January 2012.
- "East & Southeast Asia: Vietnam – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2015-12-16.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
"2011 Tripartite Elections: Summary of Allocation of National Assembly Seats" (PDF). Electoral Commission of Zambia. 2011. Archived from the original (pdf) on 9 August 2014. Retrieved 19 January 2016.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[29] Its currently unknown how many seats the South African Communist Party has in the national legislature since its MPs are elected through the African National Congress, a separate political party. In the last election "almost the entire top SACP leadership was absorbed into the government".[28]

[1] Kim Jong-un, "Let Us Brilliantly Accomplish the Revolutionary Cause of Juche, Holding the Great Comrade Kim Jong Il in High Esteem as the Eternal General Secretary of Our Party", 6 April 2002.

[2] ttp://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/a/algeria/algeria2012.txt

[3] Ediciones El País. "Evo Morales insta a "erradicar el capitalismo" para salvar el planeta". EL PAÍS. Retrieved 24 February 2015.

[4] "Evo Morales: Ten commandments against capitalism, for life and humanity". Climate & Capitalism. Retrieved 24 February 2015.

[5] "Evo Morales: "Capitalism is the worst enemy of humanity"". Climate & Capitalism. Retrieved 24 February 2015.

[Brazil-6] The first reference is for the lower house, the second for the upper house.
"October 3, 2010 Chamber of Deputies Election Results – Totals Brazil". electionresources.com. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

"October 3, 2010 Senate Election Results – Brazil Totals". electionresources.com. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

Central Committee (8 November 2009). "Socialist Programme for Brazil: Strengthening the Nation is the Way, Socialism is the Way" (in Portuguese). Communist Party of Brazil. Archived from the original on 24 February 2010. Retrieved 14 January 2012.

"Brazil – Communist Party of Brazil". The World Factbook. Library of Congress. April 1997. Retrieved 14 January 2012.

[8] "October 3, 2010 Chamber of Deputies Election Results – Totals Brazil". electionresources.com. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[9] "October 3, 2010 Senate Election Results – Brazil Totals". electionresources.com. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[10] Central Committee (8 November 2009). "Socialist Programme for Brazil: Strengthening the Nation is the Way, Socialism is the Way" (in Portuguese). Communist Party of Brazil. Archived from the original on 24 February 2010. Retrieved 14 January 2012.

[11] "Brazil – Communist Party of Brazil". The World Factbook. Library of Congress. April 1997. Retrieved 14 January 2012.

[7] "South America: Chile – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[9] Bozóki, A & Ishiyama, J (2002) The Communist Successor Parties of Central and Eastern Europe, pp150-153

[Nordsieck-10] "Parties and Elections in Europe, Czechia, The database about parliamentary elections and political parties in Europe, by Wolfram Nordsieck". Parties & Elections. 14 October 2013. Retrieved 14 October 2013.

[11] Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). "Denmark". Parties and Elections in Europe.

[12] Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). "Greece". Parties and Elections in Europe.

[13] "Acuerdo No. 1319-2011 – Resultados oficiales" (in Spanish). elecciones2011.tse.org.gt. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[14] The first two references are about seats in parliament.
"12 – Performance of National Parties". Election Commission of India.

"13 – Performance of State Parties" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[19] "12 – Performance of National Parties". Election Commission of India.

[20] "13 – Performance of State Parties" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[15] "Middle East: Israel – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[16] "Parties and Elections in Europe - Italy". Retrieved 8 February 2017.

[17] "East & Southeast Asia: Japan – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[18] "Two more Kazakh parties wins parliamentary seats". BBC Online. Retrieved 16 January 2012.

[19] "East & Southeast Asia: Laos – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[20] "Burmese general election, 2010". altsean.org. Archived from the original on 1 January 2012. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[21] "Central America and Caribbean: Nicaragua – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[22] "Democratic People's Republic of Korea". Inter-Parliamentary Union. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[23] "Asia: Philippines – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 5 November 2013.

[24] 17th Congress of the Portuguese Communist Party. "Estatutos do PCP" [Statute of the PCP] (in Portuguese). Portuguese Communist Party. Retrieved 15 January 2012.

National Board. "Estatutos" [Statute] (in Portuguese). Left Bloc. Retrieved 15 January 2012.

"Europe: Portugal – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[31] 17th Congress of the Portuguese Communist Party. "Estatutos do PCP" [Statute of the PCP] (in Portuguese). Portuguese Communist Party. Retrieved 15 January 2012.

[32] National Board. "Estatutos" [Statute] (in Portuguese). Left Bloc. Retrieved 15 January 2012.

[33] "Europe: Portugal – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[25] 1st Congress of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (February 1993). Устав КПРФ [Charter of the CPRF] (in Russian). Communist Party of the Russian Federation. Archived from the original on 16 January 2012. Retrieved 15 January 2012.

"Central Asia: Russia – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[35] 1st Congress of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (February 1993). Устав КПРФ [Charter of the CPRF] (in Russian). Communist Party of the Russian Federation. Archived from the original on 16 January 2012. Retrieved 15 January 2012.

[36] "Central Asia: Russia – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[26] "Europe: San Marino – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[dmi-27] "About us". Archived from the original on 2014-05-08.

[28] Matuma Letsoalo. "Parliamentary payoff for pro-Zuma Cosatu officials". The M&G Online. Retrieved 24 February 2015.

[30] "El PCE recupera el leninismo al cumplirse el centenario de la Revolución de Octubre". cuartopoder (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 April 2018.

[Europe:_Spain_–_Government-31] "Europe: Spain – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[32] Yoshie Furuhashi. "S. Saleh Waziruddin, "Communist Parties Win 11 Seats in Syrian Parliamentary Elections"". Retrieved 24 February 2015.

[33] "Central Asia: Tajikistan – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[34] "Communist Party of Venezuela" [PCV – Partido Comunista de Venezuela]. Communist Party of Venezuela. Retrieved 15 January 2012.

[35] "Tiếp tục đẩy mạnh học tập và làm theo tấm gương đạo đức Bác Hồ" [To further promote learning and following Uncle Ho's Moral Example] (in Vietnamese). Communist Party of Vietnam. Retrieved 15 January 2012.

"East & Southeast Asia: Vietnam – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[46] "Tiếp tục đẩy mạnh học tập và làm theo tấm gương đạo đức Bác Hồ" [To further promote learning and following Uncle Ho's Moral Example] (in Vietnamese). Communist Party of Vietnam. Retrieved 15 January 2012.

[47] "East & Southeast Asia: Vietnam – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.

[36] "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2015-12-16.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[37] "2011 Tripartite Elections: Summary of Allocation of National Assembly Seats" (PDF). Electoral Commission of Zambia. 2011. Archived from the original (pdf) on 9 August 2014. Retrieved 19 January 2016.

List of anti-capitalist and communist parties with national parliamentary representation

List

See also

Notes

References